Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Keywords:
Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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#!/bin/sh
set -e
if test $# = 0 \
&& test x"$SHIM_NOTRIGGER" = x \
&& test x"$DPKG_MAINTSCRIPT_PACKAGE" != x \
&& dpkg-trigger --check-supported 2>/dev/null
then
if dpkg-trigger --no-await shim-secureboot-policy; then
if test x"$SHIM_TRIGGER_DEBUG" != x; then
echo "shim: wrapper deferring policy update (trigger activated)"
fi
exit 0
fi
fi
. /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
setup_mok_validation()
{
local moksbstatert
local efivars secureboot_var moksb_var moksbstatert_var
local enable_sb action
enable_sb=$1
efivars=/sys/firmware/efi/efivars
secureboot_var=SecureBoot-8be4df61-93ca-11d2-aa0d-00e098032b8c
moksb_var=MokSB-605dab50-e046-4300-abb6-3dd810dd8b23
moksbstatert_var=MokSBStateRT-605dab50-e046-4300-abb6-3dd810dd8b23
action=disable
if [ $enable_sb -eq 1 ]; then
action=enable
fi
if ! [ -f $efivars/$secureboot_var ] \
|| [ "$(od -An -t u1 $efivars/$secureboot_var | awk '{ print $NF }')" -ne 1 ]
then
echo "Secure Boot not enabled on this system." >&2
return 0
fi
moksbstatert=0
if [ -f $efivars/$moksb_var ]; then
# if MokSB exists we've likely already run mokutil since last boot
echo "The Secure Boot policy was already changed since last reboot; nothing to do." >&2
return 0
fi
if [ -f /proc/sys/kernel/moksbstate_disabled ]; then
moksbstatert=$(cat /proc/sys/kernel/moksbstate_disabled 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
elif [ -f $efivars/$moksbstatert_var ]; then
# MokSBStateRT set to 1 means validation is disabled
moksbstatert=$(od -An -t u1 $efivars/$moksbstatert_var | \
awk '{ print $NF; }')
fi
# poor man's xor
if [ $(($moksbstatert+$enable_sb)) -ne 1 ]; then
STATE=1
db_settitle shim/title/secureboot
while true; do
case "$STATE" in
1)
db_capb
db_fset shim/secureboot_explanation seen false
db_input critical shim/secureboot_explanation || true
db_go
# Allow the user to skip disabling Secure Boot.
db_fset shim/${action}_secureboot seen false
db_input critical shim/${action}_secureboot || true
;;
2)
db_get shim/${action}_secureboot
if [ "$RET" = "false" ]; then
break
fi
db_input critical shim/secureboot_key || true
seen_key=$RET
db_input critical shim/secureboot_key_again || true
;;
3)
db_get shim/secureboot_key
key="$RET"
db_get shim/secureboot_key_again
again="$RET"
if [ -z "$key$again" ] && echo "$seen_key" | grep -q ^30; then
echo "Running in non-interactive mode, doing nothing." >&2
exit 1
fi
db_capb
if [ "$key" != "$again" ]; then
db_fset shim/error/secureboot_key_mismatch seen false
db_input critical shim/error/secureboot_key_mismatch || true
STATE=$(($STATE - 2))
else
length=$((`echo "$key" | wc -c` - 1))
if [ $length -lt 8 ] || [ $length -gt 16 ]; then
db_fset shim/error/bad_secureboot_key seen false
db_input critical shim/error/bad_secureboot_key || true
STATE=$(($STATE - 2))
elif [ $length -ne 0 ]; then
printf '%s\n%s\n' "$key" "$again" | mokutil --${action}-validation >/dev/null || true
fi
fi
# Always clear secureboot key.
db_set shim/secureboot_key ''
db_fset shim/secureboot_key seen false
db_set shim/secureboot_key_again ''
db_fset shim/secureboot_key_again seen false
;;
*)
break
;;
esac
if db_go; then
STATE=$(($STATE + 1))
else
STATE=$(($STATE - 1))
fi
db_capb backup
done
db_capb
fi
}
args=$@
enable_secureboot=0
if echo "$args" | grep -qc -- '--enable'; then
enable_secureboot=1
elif echo "$args" | grep -qc -- '--disable'; then
enable_secureboot=0
elif echo "$args" | grep -qc -- '--help'; then
echo "update-secureboot-policy: toggle UEFI Secure Boot in shim"
echo
echo "\t--enable\tPrompt to enable Secure Boot validation."
echo "\t--disable\tPrompt to disable Secure Boot validation (default)."
echo "\t--help\t\tThis help text."
exit 0
fi
if [ -d /var/lib/dkms ] &&
[ `find /var/lib/dkms -type d -print | wc -l ` -gt 1 ]; then
setup_mok_validation $enable_secureboot
else
echo "No DKMS packages installed: not changing Secure Boot validation state."
fi
exit 0
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