Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

  • Nuur Mahmudah Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
  • Khairunnisa Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37850/ibtida'.v5i2.817
Keywords: Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar

Abstract

Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.

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Current File : /home/bilfatvps/html/journal.stitaf.ac.id/lib/pkp/tools/copyAccessLogFileTool.php
<?php

/**
 * @file tools/CopyAcessLogFileTool.php
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2013-2019 Simon Fraser University
 * Copyright (c) 2003-2019 John Willinsky
 * Distributed under the GNU GPL v2. For full terms see the file docs/COPYING.
 *
 * @class CopyAccessLogFileTool
 * @ingroup tools
 *
 * @brief CLI tool to copy apache log files while filtering entries
 * related only to the current instalation.
 */

require(dirname(dirname(dirname(dirname(__FILE__)))) . '/tools/bootstrap.inc.php');

// Bring in the file loader folder constants.
import('lib.pkp.classes.task.FileLoader');

class CopyAccessLogFileTool extends CommandLineTool {

	var $_usageStatsDir;

	var $_tmpDir;

	var $_usageStatsFiles;

	var $_contextPaths;

	var $_egrepPath;

	/**
	 * Constructor.
	 * @param $argv array command-line arguments
	 */
	function __construct($argv = array()) {
		parent::__construct($argv);

		AppLocale::requireComponents(LOCALE_COMPONENT_PKP_ADMIN);

		if (count($this->argv) < 1 || count($this->argv) > 2) {
			$this->usage();
			exit(1);
		}

		$plugin = PluginRegistry::getPlugin('generic', 'usagestatsplugin'); /* @var $plugin UsageStatsPlugin */

		$this->_usageStatsDir = $plugin->getFilesPath();
		$this->_tmpDir = $this->_usageStatsDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . 'tmp';

		// This tool needs egrep path configured.
		$this->_egrepPath = escapeshellarg(Config::getVar('cli', 'egrep'));
		if ($this->_egrepPath == "''") {
			printf(__('admin.error.executingUtil', array('utilPath' => $this->_egrepPath, 'utilVar' => 'egrep')) . "\n");
			exit(1);
		}

		// Get a list of files currently inside the usage stats dir.
		$fileLoaderDirs = array(FILE_LOADER_PATH_STAGING, FILE_LOADER_PATH_PROCESSING,
		FILE_LOADER_PATH_ARCHIVE, FILE_LOADER_PATH_REJECT);

		$usageStatsFiles = array();
		foreach ($fileLoaderDirs as $dir) {
			$dirFiles =  glob($this->_usageStatsDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . '*');
			if (is_array($dirFiles) && count($dirFiles) > 0) {
				foreach ($dirFiles as $file) {
					if (!is_file($file)) continue;
					$fileBasename = pathinfo($file, PATHINFO_BASENAME);
					if (pathinfo($file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) == 'gz') {
						// Always save the filename without compression extension.
						$fileBasename = substr($fileBasename, 0, -3);
					}
					$usageStatsFiles[] = $fileBasename;
				}
			}
		}

		$this->_usageStatsFiles = $usageStatsFiles;

		// Get a list of context paths.
		$contextDao =& Application::getContextDAO(); /* @var $contextDao ContextDAO */
		$contextFactory = $contextDao->getAll();
		$contextPaths = array();
		while ($context =& $contextFactory->next()) {
			/* @var $context Context */
			$contextPaths[] = escapeshellarg($context->getPath());
		}
		$contextPaths = implode('/|/', $contextPaths);
		$this->_contextPaths = $contextPaths;
	}

	/**
	 * Print command usage information.
	 */
	function usage() {
		echo "\n" . __('admin.copyAccessLogFileTool.usage', array('scriptName' => $this->scriptName)) . "\n\n";
	}

	/**
	 * Process apache log files, copying and filtering them
	 * to the usage stats stage directory. Can work with both
	 * a specific file or a directory.
	 */
	function execute() {
		$fileMgr = new FileManager();
		$filesDir = Config::getVar('files', 'files_dir');
		$filePath = current($this->argv);
		$usageStatsDir = $this->_usageStatsDir;
		$tmpDir = $this->_tmpDir;

		if ($fileMgr->fileExists($tmpDir, 'dir')) {
			$fileMgr->rmtree($tmpDir);
		}

		if (!$fileMgr->mkdir($tmpDir)) {
			printf(__('admin.copyAccessLogFileTool.error.creatingFolder', array('tmpDir' => $tmpDir)) . "\n");
			exit(1);
		}

		if ($fileMgr->fileExists($filePath, 'dir')) {
			// Directory.
			$filesToCopy = glob($filePath . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . '*');
			foreach ($filesToCopy as $file) {
				// If a base filename is given as a parameter, check it.
				if (count($this->argv) == 2) {
					$baseFilename = $this->argv[1];
					if (strpos(pathinfo($file, PATHINFO_BASENAME), $baseFilename) !== 0) {
						continue;
					}
				}

				$this->_copyFile($file);
			}
		} else {
			if ($fileMgr->fileExists($filePath)) {
				// File.
				$this->_copyFile($filePath);
			} else {
				// Can't access.
				printf(__('admin.copyAccessLogFileTool.error.acessingFile', array('filePath' => $filePath)) . "\n");
			}
		}

		$fileMgr->rmtree($tmpDir);
	}


	//
	// Private helper methods.
	//
	/**
	 * Copy the passed file, filtering entries
	 * related to this installation.
	 * @param $filePath string
	 */
	function _copyFile($filePath) {
		$usageStatsFiles = $this->_usageStatsFiles;
		$usageStatsDir = $this->_usageStatsDir;
		$tmpDir = $this->_tmpDir;
		$fileName = pathinfo($filePath, PATHINFO_BASENAME);
		$fileMgr = new FileManager();

		$isCompressed = false;
		$uncompressedFileName = $fileName;
		if (pathinfo($filePath, PATHINFO_EXTENSION) == 'gz') {
			$isCompressed = true;
			$uncompressedFileName = substr($fileName, 0, -3);
		}

		if (in_array($uncompressedFileName, $usageStatsFiles)) {
			printf(__('admin.copyAccessLogFileTool.warning.fileAlreadyExists', array('filePath' => $filePath)) . "\n");
			return;
		}

		$tmpFilePath = $tmpDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $fileName;

		// Copy the file to a temporary directory.
		if (!$fileMgr->copyFile($filePath, $tmpFilePath)) {
			printf(__('admin.copyAccessLogFileTool.error.copyingFile', array('filePath' => $filePath, 'tmpFilePath' => $tmpFilePath)) . "\n");
			exit(1);
		}

		// Uncompress it, if needed.
		if ($isCompressed) {
			$fileMgr = new FileManager();
			$errorMsg = null;
			if (!$tmpFilePath = $fileMgr->decompressFile($tmpFilePath, $errorMsg)) {
				printf($errorMsg . "\n");
				exit(1);
			}
		}

		// Filter only entries that contains context paths.
		$egrepPath = $this->_egrepPath;
		$destinationPath = $usageStatsDir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR .
		FILE_LOADER_PATH_STAGING . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR .
		pathinfo($tmpFilePath, PATHINFO_BASENAME);
		// Each context path is already escaped, see the constructor.
		$output = null;
		$returnValue = 0;
		exec($egrepPath . " -i '" . $this->_contextPaths . "' " . escapeshellarg($tmpFilePath) . " > " . escapeshellarg($destinationPath), $output, $returnValue);
		if ($returnValue > 1) {
			printf(__('admin.error.executingUtil', array('utilPath' => $egrepPath, 'utilVar' => 'egrep')) . "\n");
 			exit(1);
 		}
		if (!$fileMgr->deleteByPath($tmpFilePath)) {
			printf(__('admin.copyAccessLogFileTool.error.deletingFile', array('tmpFilePath' => $tmpFilePath)) . "\n");
			exit(1);
		}

		printf(__('admin.copyAccessLogFileTool.success', array('filePath' => $filePath, 'destinationPath' => $destinationPath)) . "\n");
	}
}

$tool = new CopyAccessLogFileTool(isset($argv) ? $argv : array());
$tool->execute();

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