Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

  • Nuur Mahmudah Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
  • Khairunnisa Universitas Islam Negeri Antasari Banjarmasin
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37850/ibtida'.v5i2.817
Keywords: Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar

Abstract

Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.

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#!/usr/bin/perl

# Copyright 2011 Ben Hutchings
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA

use strict;
use warnings;

use DebianLinux qw(version_cmp image_list);

sub usage {
    my $fh = shift;
    print $fh (<< "EOT");
Usage: $0 compare VERSION1 OP VERSION2
       $0 sort [--reverse] [VERSION1 VERSION2 ...]
       $0 list [--paths]

The version arguments should be kernel version strings as shown by
'uname -r' and used in filenames.

The valid comparison operators are: lt le eq ge gt
EOT
}

sub usage_error {
    usage(*STDERR{IO});
    exit 2;
}

sub compare_versions {
    my %op_map = qw(lt < le <= eq == ge >= gt >);

    # Check arguments
    if (@_ != 3) {
	usage_error();
    }
    my ($left, $op, $right) = @_;
    if (!exists($op_map{$op})) {
	usage_error();
    }

    my $sign = version_cmp($left, $right);
    exit !eval("$sign ${op_map{$op}} 0");
}

sub sort_versions {
    # Check for --reverse option
    my $sign = 1;
    if (@_ >= 1 and $_[0] eq '--reverse') {
	$sign = -1;
	shift;
    }

    # Collect versions from argv or stdin (with optional suffix after a space)
    my @versions;
    if (@_) {
	@versions = map({[$_, "\n"]} @_);
    } else {
	while (<STDIN>) {
	    /^([^ ]*)(.*\n?)$/ or die;
	    push @versions, [$1, $2];
	}
    }

    for (sort({version_cmp($a->[0], $b->[0]) * $sign} @versions)) {
	print @$_;
    }
    exit 0;
}

sub list_versions {
    my $show_paths;

    if (@_ == 1 and $_[0] eq '--paths') {
	$show_paths = 1;
    } elsif (@_ != 0) {
	usage_error();
    }

    for (image_list()) {
	my ($version, $path) = @$_;
	if ($show_paths) {
	    print "$version $path\n";
	} else {
	    print "$version\n";
	}
    }
    exit 0;
}

if (@ARGV == 0) {
    usage_error();
}

my $command = shift;
if ($command eq 'help' or grep({$_ eq '--help'} $command, @ARGV)) {
    usage(*STDOUT{IO});
    exit 0;
} elsif ($command eq 'compare') {
    compare_versions(@ARGV);
} elsif ($command eq 'sort') {
    sort_versions(@ARGV);
} elsif ($command eq 'list') {
    list_versions(@ARGV);
}
usage_error();

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