Efektivitas Strategi Ta’bir Mushawwar dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Keywords:
Arabic; speaking skill; ta’bir mushawwar
Abstract
Speaking proficiency is one of the main skills in Arabic language learning, but fourth grade students of MI TPI Keramat face difficulties in assembling mufradat and practicing active conversation, mainly due to the lack of varied learning strategies. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the ta'bir mushawwar strategy, which uses picture as a media to facilitate students in constructing sentences and telling stories, in improving Arabic speaking skills. With a quantitative approach and pre-experiment design, this study involved 18 students of class IV-C. Data were collected through tests, observations, and interviews, then analyzed descriptively and N-Gain test. The posttest average was 83.06 (very good category) with 88.9% completeness, and the N-Gain score was 0.6398 which showed effectiveness in the medium category. The ta'bir mushawwar strategy offers a solution in the form of a visual and hands-on learning approach that can significantly improve students' speaking skills and make learning more interesting and interactive.
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#!/usr/bin/perl
eval 'exec /usr/bin/perl -S $0 ${1+"$@"}'
if $running_under_some_shell;
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
BEGIN { pop @INC if $INC[-1] eq '.' }
use strict;
use IO::File;
use ExtUtils::Packlist;
use ExtUtils::Installed;
use vars qw($Inst @Modules);
=head1 NAME
instmodsh - A shell to examine installed modules
=head1 SYNOPSIS
instmodsh
=head1 DESCRIPTION
A little interface to ExtUtils::Installed to examine locally* installed modules,
validate your packlists and even create a tarball from an installed module.
*On Debian system, B<core> and B<vendor> modules are managed by C<dpkg>.
=head1 SEE ALSO
ExtUtils::Installed
=cut
my $Module_Help = <<EOF;
Available commands are:
f [all|prog|doc] - List installed files of a given type
d [all|prog|doc] - List the directories used by a module
v - Validate the .packlist - check for missing files
t <tarfile> - Create a tar archive of the module
h - Display module help
q - Quit the module
EOF
my %Module_Commands = (
f => \&list_installed,
d => \&list_directories,
v => \&validate_packlist,
t => \&create_archive,
h => \&module_help,
);
sub do_module($) {
my ($module) = @_;
print($Module_Help);
MODULE_CMD: while (1) {
print("$module cmd? ");
my $reply = <STDIN>; chomp($reply);
my($cmd) = $reply =~ /^(\w)\b/;
last if $cmd eq 'q';
if( $Module_Commands{$cmd} ) {
$Module_Commands{$cmd}->($reply, $module);
}
elsif( $cmd eq 'q' ) {
last MODULE_CMD;
}
else {
module_help();
}
}
}
sub list_installed {
my($reply, $module) = @_;
my $class = (split(' ', $reply))[1];
$class = 'all' unless $class;
my @files;
if (eval { @files = $Inst->files($module, $class); }) {
print("$class files in $module are:\n ",
join("\n ", @files), "\n");
}
else {
print($@);
}
};
sub list_directories {
my($reply, $module) = @_;
my $class = (split(' ', $reply))[1];
$class = 'all' unless $class;
my @dirs;
if (eval { @dirs = $Inst->directories($module, $class); }) {
print("$class directories in $module are:\n ",
join("\n ", @dirs), "\n");
}
else {
print($@);
}
}
sub create_archive {
my($reply, $module) = @_;
my $file = (split(' ', $reply))[1];
if( !(defined $file and length $file) ) {
print "No tar file specified\n";
}
elsif( eval { require Archive::Tar } ) {
Archive::Tar->create_archive($file, 0, $Inst->files($module));
}
else {
my($first, @rest) = $Inst->files($module);
system('tar', 'cvf', $file, $first);
for my $f (@rest) {
system('tar', 'rvf', $file, $f);
}
print "Can't use tar\n" if $?;
}
}
sub validate_packlist {
my($reply, $module) = @_;
if (my @missing = $Inst->validate($module)) {
print("Files missing from $module are:\n ",
join("\n ", @missing), "\n");
}
else {
print("$module has no missing files\n");
}
}
sub module_help {
print $Module_Help;
}
##############################################################################
sub toplevel()
{
my $help = <<EOF;
Available commands are:
l - List all installed modules
m <module> - Select a module
q - Quit the program
EOF
print($help);
while (1)
{
print("cmd? ");
my $reply = <STDIN>; chomp($reply);
CASE:
{
$reply eq 'l' and do
{
print("Installed modules are:\n ", join("\n ", @Modules), "\n");
last CASE;
};
$reply =~ /^m\s+/ and do
{
do_module((split(' ', $reply))[1]);
last CASE;
};
$reply eq 'q' and do
{
exit(0);
};
# Default
print($help);
}
}
}
###############################################################################
$Inst = ExtUtils::Installed->new();
@Modules = $Inst->modules();
toplevel();
###############################################################################
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